Urophora stylata (Scotch Thistle Gall fly) originates from Europe and forms galls in scotch thistle flower heads, reducing seed production and viability.
Female
Late February 2022
Ridgeway
Image by Keith Martin-Smith, used with permission.
Male
Late February 2022
Ridgeway
Image by Keith Martin-Smith, used with permission.
Male
Mid February 2022
Ridgeway
Images by Keith Martin-Smith, used with permission.
Reference
Cripps M, 2020. Tale of the Scotch Thistle Gall Fly. Manaaki WhenuaLandcare Research https://www.landcareresearch.co.nz/publications/weed-biocontrol/weed-biocontrol-articles/tale-of-the-scotch-thistle-gall-fly/[Last Accessed 7/3/2023]